KEJANG SEBAGAI KOMPLIKASI INFEKSI COVID-19 : SEBUAH REVIEW SISTEMATIK DAN META-ANALISIS

Abstract

Background : Pandemic Corona virus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The symptoms of Covid-19 are clasically respiratory symptoms. But covid-19 can also affect several organs including the nervous system, both the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. This review aims to determine the relationship between the incidence of seizures in patients with Covid-19 infection. Methods : Sources of data were obtained from search engine databases from December 1, 2019 to October 1, 2023. The keyword used was "Covid-19" OR "Sars-cov-2" AND "Seizure" OR "Epilepsy". All data were collected for analysis with a forest plot using the Review Manager 5.4.1 application.  Result : Search results 410 articles (PubMed: 179; Cochrane Library: 47; SCOPUS: 11; Nature Research: 28; Science Direct: 94 and Google Scholar: 51). From the screening inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 articles were eligible for analysis desctriptively and 5 articles were eligible for analysis statistically. Seizure complications in Covid-19 patients are more common found in severe case patients than non-severe case (OR 3,15 95% CI 1,37 – 7,27). Discussion : Seizures were neurological complications of covid-19 infection with low number in this study. Acute symptomatic seizures in severe Covid-19 patients possibly had risk factors such as brain hypoxia, shock, multi organ dysfunction, acute cerebrovascular disorder, electrolyte imbalance and others. EEG test and CSF specimen examinations are recommended in COVID-19 patients with seizures and altered mental status.