FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) DI WILAYAH KERJA UPTD PUSKESMAS TABUNGANEN KABUPATEN BARITO KUALA

Abstract

Introduction: LBW increases the risk of neonatal death because babies are susceptible to complications. Maternal factors such as age, parity, anemia, and CED can impact fetal growth. The 13.4% increase in cases at the Tabunganen Community Health Center UPTD needs to be analyzed to support appropriate prevention.Purpose: To analyze the factors associated with the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) at Tabunganen Health Center.Methods: This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique employed total sampling (250 respondents). Data were obtained from the pregnancy and delivery registration books and analyzed using the chi-square test.Results: The proportion of babies with low birth weight (LBW) was 18.8%. Mothers with high-risk age accounted for 27.6%, those with high-risk parity 42.4%, those with chronic energy deficiency (CED) 21.2%, and those with anemia 25.6%. There was a significant association between maternal age (p=0.045; OR=2.076) and CED (p=0.010; OR=2.106) with the incidence of LBW. However, no significant association was found between parity (p=0.516; OR=1.247) and anemia (p=1.000; OR=0.996) with LBW.Conclusion: There was a significant association between maternal age and nutritional status (CED) with the incidence of low birth weight (LBW), while parity and anemia were not significantly associated. It is expected that the UPTD Health Center can enhance community education, especially for pregnant women, regarding the factors contributing to LBW through regular counseling sessions.A B S T R A KLatar belakang: BBLR meningkatkan risiko kematian neonatal karena bayi rentan mengalami komplikasi. Faktor maternal seperti usia, paritas, anemia, dan KEK dapat berakibat terhadap pertumbuhan janin. Peningkatan kasus 13,4% di UPTD Puskesmas Tabunganen perlu dianalisis untuk mendukung pencegahan yang tepat.Tujuan: Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian BBLR di Puskesmas Tabunganen.Metode: Penelitiaan menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik Pengambilan sampel menggunakan total Sampling (250 responden). Data sekunder diperoleh dari buku register ibu hamil dan ibu bersalin, serta dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square.Hasil: Didapatkan sebayak 47 (18,8%) Bayi lahir dengan BBLR. Ibu dengan usia berisiko sebanyak 27,6%, paritas berisiko 42,4%, status gizi KEK 21,2%, dan anemia 25,6%. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara usia ibu (p=0,045) dan KEK (p=0,010) dengan kejadian BBLR. Namun, tidak terdapat  hubungan yang bermakna antara paritas (p=0,516) dan anemia (p=1,000) dengan BBLR.Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara usia ibu dan status gizi KEK dengan kejadian BBLR dan  tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna  paritas dan riwayat anemia dengan kejadian BBLR. UPTD Puskesmas diharapkan dapat meningkatkan edukasi kepada masyarakat, khususnya ibu hamil, mengenai faktor-faktor yang  berkontribusi terhadap kejadian BBLR melalui penyuluhan yang dilakukan secara rutin.